Separation
of Powers
The Government of the United
States, the federal government, is divided into three branches: the
executive power, invested in the President, the legislative power, given to
Congress (the House of Representatives and the Senate), and the judicial power,
vested in one Supreme Court and other federal courts created by
Congress. The
Constitution provides a system of checks and balances designed to avoid the
tyranny of any one branch.
Most
important actions require the participation of more than once branch of
government. For example, Congress passes laws, but the President can
veto them. The executive branch prosecutes persons for criminal
violations, but they must be tried by the courts. The President
appoints federal judges, but their appointment must be confirmed by the Senate.
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